Micronucleus Test in Exfoliated Buccal Cells of Female Street Vendors Exposed to Vehicular Exhaust in Iligan City, Philippines

Keren Joy A. Recoleto, Annabella G. Villarino

Abstract


Vehicular exhaust has been proven by several studies to be genotoxic and deleterious to human health (Health Effects Institute, 2010; IARC, 2012; etc.). In order to make possible health interventions, it is vital to perform bio-monitoring studies among individuals occupationally exposed to clinically high amounts of vehicular exhaust (Holland et.al. 2008 & Tovalin et.al. 2006). The purpose of the study was to assess the DNA damage of the exfoliated buccal cells among urban street vendors exposed to vehicular exhaust. The study utilized a cross-sectional design (n=60). Purposive sampling was used to select thirty (30) street vendors in Iligan City and thirty (30) controls in Marawi City. Only female participants were included to eliminate gender as a confounding factor. Data collection occurred between the months of October 2013 to January 2014. Buccal micronucleus test was used to investigate the genotoxic effects of vehicular exhaust exposure. A total of 1000 cells per test individual were scored for micronucleus frequency. The results showed a highly significant difference (p<0.001) between the micronuclei frequency of the exposed (9.40±4.46) and control (4.80±3.25). No relationship was established between the micronuclei frequency and the confounding factors such as age, length of vehicular exhaust exposure, smoking, tea drinking, and alcoholism. A weak correlation (p=0.031) was found between coffee drinking and micronuclei frequency. The results of this study suggest that female street vendors occupationally exposed to vehicular exhaust have a significantly higher frequency of micronucleated cells than their minimally-exposed counterparts.


Keywords


Keywords: Vehicular exhaust; Street vendors; Micronucleus test; Buccal cells

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References


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